Research and Links
This section outlines the key research, text, statistics and links on the health impacts of smoking.
Framework Convention Alliance
The Framework Convention Alliance (FCA) was founded in 1999 and is made up of over 350 organisations from more than 100 countries working on the development, ratification and implementation of the international treaty, the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC); the world’s first global public health treaty.
California Department of Health: Tobacco Control Section Evaluation reports
Resources listed on this page pertain to tobacco control efforts in California. The evaluation program of the Tobacco Control Section consists of surveillance, evaluation and dissemination.
US Surgeon General's Report: The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke
June 2006: This important report from the US Surgeon General concludes that "The scientific evidence is now indisputable: secondhand smoke is not a mere annoyance. It is a serious health hazard that can lead to disease and premature death in children and non-smoking adults."
TobaccoPedia
The TobaccoPedia is part of the Globalink site which has huge searchable resources on all aspects of tobacco and tobacco policy. The online tobacco encyclopaedia.
US Environmental Protection Agency
The mission of the Environmental Protection Agency is to protect human health and the environment. The EPA develops and enforces regulations, performs environmental research and publishes information. Has published many reports on the health impacts of exposure to secondhand smoke.
US Surgeon General: Secondhand Smoke Factsheets
A set of factsheets and related materials to accompany the US Surgeon General's report: The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco smoke. 27 June 2006
WHO Tobacco Control Country Profiles
Updated edition - This report summarises the most currently available information on tobacco production, trade, consumption, legislation, and disease burden for each of 196 countries and territories worldwide.
National Cancer Institute (US): Tobacco Control Research
Tobacco Monographs. The National Cancer Institute established the Tobacco Control Monograph series to provide ongoing and timely information about emerging public health issues in smoking and tobacco use control.
Statistics on smoking in England
This bulletin presents information on various aspects of smoking in England, drawn together from a variety of sources. Subjects include: smoking prevalence, smoking in pregnancy, behaviour and attitudes towards smoking, economic costs associated with tobacco.
Tobacco Atlas
Packed with colourful maps detailing global smoking trends, the economics of tobacco, tobacco advertising in every country of the world. Published by the American Cancer Society.
European Commission Tobacco page
Tobacco is the single largest cause of avoidable death in the European Union accounting for over half a million deaths each year and over a million deaths in Europe as a whole. It is estimated that 25% of all cancer deaths and 15% of all deaths in the Union could be attributed to smoking.
This link is the European Commission Public Health, Tobacco page with access to EU policy, legislation, FAQs and key EU documentation.
Cochrane Collaboration
This group surveys evidence from trials and rates the strength of evidence for various interventions.
The Cochrane Collaboration is an international not-for-profit and independent organization, dedicated to making up-to-date, accurate information about the effects of healthcare readily available worldwide. It produces and disseminates systematic reviews of healthcare interventions and promotes the search for evidence in the form of clinical trials and other studies of interventions. The Cochrane Collaboration was founded in 1993 and named after the British epidemiologist, Archie Cochrane.
General Lifestyle Survey
The General LiFestyle Survey (GLF), formerly known as the General Household Survey (GHS), is a multi-purpose continuous survey carried out by ONS collecting information on a range of topics from people living in private households in Great Britain. These reports cover smoking trends in Britain including prevalence and consumption by age, socio-economic group, etc as well as attitudes to smoking and quitting.
A picture of misery: the truth about smoking in smokers' own words. No Smoking Day report 2002
A picture of misery: the truth about smoking in smokers' own words. The full No Smoking Day report.
Author: No Smoking Day Published By: No Smoking Day Published : 12/03/2002
A picture of misery: the Truth about smoking, in smokers own words
Verbatim responses. Research conducted in October and November 2001, smokers were asked “If you had your time again, would you smoke?” 83% said no, and they were then asked why. This report outlines what they said, in their own words.
Author: No Smoking Day Published By: No Smoking Day Published : 12/03/2002
No Smoking Day response with insights into the needs and attitudes of smokers as users of the NHS
No Smoking Day response with insights into the needs and attitudes of smokers as users of the NHS
Author: Doreen McIntyre Published By: No Smoking Day Published : 20/01/2002
Evaluation of No Smoking Day 2001
Awareness and participation results
Author: Doreen McIntyre Published By: No Smoking Day Published : 13/03/2001
Smoking and Sex
What are the differences between men and women when it comes to smoking? The 1999 No Smoking Day report explains. This report offers some new insights into smokers and their experiences, from a gender perspective. Men and women start and continue to smoke for many different reasons, and differences also appear when they try to stop.
Author: Robert West, Andy McEwan, Clive Bates Published By: No Smoking Day Published : 09/03/1999
Smoking, accidents and injury
Collection of studies by Dr. Bruce Leistikow on the links between smoking and risk of accidents and injury.
WHO Europe Partnership Project on tobacco dependence 1999-2001
Innovative collaboration between WHO, non-governmental organisations and pharmaceutical companies to promote smoking cessation. The information appears to be no longer available online.
Smoking Kills: A White paper on tobacco
10th December 1998: the UK government publishes its comprehensive tobacco policy - covering tobacco advertising and marketing, taxation, smoking cessation, anti-tobacco campaigns, passive smoking in the workplace and public places, international aspects, protection of children and establishing a range of targets.
Scottish Public Health Observatory: An atlas of tobacco smoking in Scotland
The atlas presents estimates of current smoking prevalence and smoking attributable deaths within Scotland. Published by the NHS Scotland and Scottish Public Health Observatory. 5 July 2007
US EPA - Respiratory Health Effects of Passive Smoking: Lung Cancer and other Disorders
In 1992, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) completed its risk assessment on "The Respiratory Health Effects of Passive Smoking: Lung Cancer and Other Disorders" (also know as Environmental Tobacco Smoke ETS) and concluded that the widespread exposure to ETS in the United States presents a serious and substantial public health impact.
More specifically, EPA concluded that ETS is a human lung carcinogen, responsible for approximately 3,000 lung cancer deaths annually in U.S. nonsmokers.
Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids Factsheets for 2000 World Conference
Factsheets prepared for the 11th World Conference on Tobacco OR Health, which took place in Chicago in August 2000.
California EPA: Health effects of Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke
The California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) published this comprehensive report which gives an assessment of the harm caused by passive smoking. 1997 Final Report
The European Report on Tobacco Control Policy
Review of tobacco control activity in the WHO's European Region: 1997-2001
The Silent Treatment - why GPs and patients don't talk about smoking
It is widely known that the majority of smokers would like to be able to stop smoking, but many are ambivalent about trying. There is a wide range of reasons from fear of failure to uncertainty about how to go about it. No Smoking Day tries to demystify the process of stopping, emphasise the benefits of stopping, and encourage smokers to use the help that is available. This report describes some of the communication factors smokers and their GPs have in relation to the quality of information given. March 2003
1994: Preventing Tobacco Use Among Young People:
This is the first report of the Surgeon Generals report on smoking and health which focuses upon young people. It examines the consequences of tobacco use and its relationship to other adolescent problems and behaviour.
Repace Associates (US)
Critical discussion of the weaknesses of the ventilation approach by Repace Associates
Scientific Committee on Tobacco and Health 1998 Report
The Scientific Committee on Tobacco and Health (SCOTH) advises the Chief Medical Officer on scientific aspects of tobacco policy. This report is the first major assessment for 10 years and gives an overview of the state of knowledge on tobacco and health. It has substantial sections on passive smoking, nicotine addiction and regulation of additives.
US EPA Setting the Record Straight: Secondhand Smoke is a Preventable Health Risk
The US Environmental Protection Agency responds to the arguments put forward by the tobacco industry in 1993. Stating that the "EPA believes it's time to set the record straight about an indisputable fact: secondhand smoke is a real and preventable health risk."
Tobacco Reference Guide
The Tobacco Reference Guide is an updated edition of the 1998 book The Tobacco Almanac. It is compiled from medical and media sources, and are represented as reported; making no claim for their accuracy. By David Moyer M.D. 2000
US EPA: Respiratory Health Effects of Passive Smoking summary factsheets
Written by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) following the publication of their report on the Respiratory Health Effects of Passive smoking: Lung cancer and other disorders. Jan 1993
Children and passive smoking: WHO consultation
International Consultation on Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) and Child Health. A summary of the science regarding the impact of secondhand smoke on children. 11-14 Jan 1999.
The World Health Report 2005
The report measures the amount of disease, disability and death in the world today that can be attributed to some of the most important risks to human health. Tobacco consumption is one of the top ten risks, accounting for 4.9 million deaths a year.
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